Suchergebnisse

The work of Jerzy Spława-Neyman related to the estimation and the statistical hypotheses verification theories (developed in cooperation with Egon Pearson) as well as his mathematical analysis of the sampling theory (which pointed to the unjustified application of target sampling instead of random sampling) all contributed to the fast progress of mathematical statistics and the adoption of technical sampling in the past century. We are remembering this distinguished statistician on his 40th death anniversary, which falls in 2021. The aim of the article is to present Spława-Neyman's scientific achievements, mainly from the period of his residence in Poland (1921–1938). His contemporary body of work continues to inspire ever-new generations of statisticians all around the world.

Egon Vielrose was an outstanding Polish demographer, statistician and econometrician. He studied mathematics at Warsaw University and economics at the Higher School of Trade and then he qualified as an assistant professor at Warsaw University. His research interests focused on problems of demography, mathematical statistics, econometrics and socio‑economic statistics. An important place in the work of Egon Vielrose is occupied by studies in historic demography, concerning mostly the natural movement which is a decisive factor in population development. The scientific output of Egon Vielrose encompasses over 200 works including 6 books and over 130 papers.

The article briefly discusses the creation and activity of statistical institutions in the Łódź region during the interwar years. In particular, the history of the Statistical Department at the City Council of Łódź, established by the City Council on 19 September, 1917, was presented. The Department functioned from 1 January, 1918 and its most important task was to conduct censuses of the population, one of the largest and most difficult statistical undertakings. In the discussed period, the urban statistics of Łódź covered the most important spheres of the city's life, including state and municipal offices.

-

The role of statistics in the country and society, both in education
and business as well as in public administration, requires thorough reconsideration. The articles published in the scientific journal devoted to statistics — at least some of them — should have promotional and educational character to be more comprehensible for a larger group of readers-not-statisticians who have access to the Internet.
On the occasion of the 60th anniversary, the editorial board of "Statistical News" introduced the section "Statistical Education" with the aim to promote statistical knowledge in the society. It can help improve the effects of teaching statistics in schools and popularize statistical thinking in the society.

Stanisław Staszic was born on 6 November, 1755 in Piła a to a wealthy middle class family. Staszic played an important role in the development of Polish industry, working at the same time as a geologist and studying nature (in 1825 he published information about the Izerskie and Karkonosze Mountains). In the years 1816–1824 he held the post of the director general of Department of Industry and Crafts of the Congress Kingdom. At that time he devised a plan for redevelopment of the Industrial Region of Old Poland and, after he had founded in 1816 the Hrubieszow Agricultural Society, he became one of the pioneers of the peasant cooperative movement. He resumed exploitation of coal from the Reden deposit located in the present day Dąbrowa Górnicza. On his initiative a lot of industrial buildings were erected e.g. the first tin smelting works in the Kingdom of Poland (4 smelting works under one name of "Konstanty" – 1816–1822) and iron ore metallurgy centres. He also wrote a poem entitled "The Human Race 1919–1920".

The article discusses the latest challenges of research and teaching related to statistical education of the society. The technological revolution change the economic and social life radically. They require a transformation of the way of thinking and acting. Society need statistics that provides information about the country and its neighbors. Through statistics citizens can actively participate in democratic processes. These new conditions define the tasks set for the statisticians — to develop statistics skills and adapt statistical information to the needs of citizens.

Profesor Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego i rektor tej uczelni (1926-1928). Polityk narodowej demokracji, ekonomista i historyk, minister skarbu oraz dwukrotny premier II RP. Auto reformy walutowej. Członek i kierownik wielu towarzystw naukowych m.in. Prezes Towarzystwa Ekonomistów i Statystyków Polskich (1928-1934), Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego. Prezes Towarzystwa Nauczycieli Szkół Średnich i Wyższych. Autor około 150 prac, dotyczących zagadnień ze sfery ekonomii, bankowości, nauk politycznych, agronomii społecznej, historii i socjologii wsi. Prace "Wieś i folwark" (1930) oraz "Historia wsi w Polsce" (1930) do dziś są wysokiej wartości.

Profesor Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego i rektor tej uczelni (1926-1928). Polityk narodowej demokracji, ekonomista i historyk, minister skarbu oraz dwukrotny premier II RP. Auto reformy walutowej. Członek i kierownik wielu towarzystw naukowych m.in. Prezes Towarzystwa Ekonomistów i Statystyków Polskich (1928-1934), Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego. Prezes Towarzystwa Nauczycieli Szkół Średnich i Wyższych. Autor około 150 prac, dotyczących zagadnień ze sfery ekonomii, bankowości, nauk politycznych, agronomii społecznej, historii i socjologii wsi. Prace "Wieś i folwark" (1930) oraz "Historia wsi w Polsce" (1930) do dziś są wysokiej wartości.

Profesor m.in. Szkoły Głównej Planowania i Statystyki (rektor w latach 1952-1955), Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. Ekonomista, statystyk, działacz polityczny i społeczny. Podstawowym jego dziełem z zakresu statystyki jest praca pt. "Teoria statystyki". Członek rzeczywisty PAN, Międzynarodowego Instytutu Statystycznego, Międzynarodowego Towarzystwa Ekonometrycznego. Twórca ekonometrii, pełnił funkcję redaktora naczelnego "Econometrica". Jego dorobek naukowy obejmuje prace z zakresu ekonomii politycznej, polityki ekonomicznej, statystyki, zastosowań matematyki. Do najważniejszych prac należą m.in. "Teoria statystyki" (1952), "Wstęp do ekonometrii"(1958), "Ekonomia polityczna" (1959), "Optymalne decyzje"(1964), "Wstęp do cybernetyki"(1965).

The author focuses on the tasks of statistics, as a science which serves the knowledge of the world and better and safer functioning of a human. Among the challenges the author mentioned an analysis of the large sized databases and their archiving, as well as the development of the functional data analysis (FDA).

The first part of the article presents an outline of the statistical thinking development on Polish territories since 19th century. In the second part the author characterizes activities of the Polish Statistical Society (PTS) since 1912 as well as the Polish Economists and Statisticians Society in years 1917–1939 as well as in years after 1945. In the end the author discusses activity perspectives of the PTS in the next years.